Articles

When a codec researcher declares that a newer codec is up to 40% more efficient than the baseline codec, they are making a highly accurate, well-defined claim. However, much like the EPA fuel economy ratings on a new car’s window sticker, these white papers should include a disclaimer stating, “actual bandwidth savings almost certainly will vary.” Given that bandwidth savings …

The marketing story around vibe coding is awe-inspiring: a non‑programmer can describe any app they can imagine, and AI will do all the hard work. No code, no problem. Just vibes. It turns out I was vibe coding before I ever heard the term. My goals were both less and more ambitious. Less ambitious, because I wasn’t trying to build …

Before comparing your existing H.264 encodes to HEVC, AV1, or any other advanced codec, you need a baseline you can trust. In practice, many codec efficiency claims collapse once you examine how inefficient the underlying H.264 ladder actually is. This article focuses on fixing that baseline before any codec comparison begins. Let’s take a step back. This is the second …

Codec decisions used to be an engineering sport. Today, they are capital allocation decisions with legal risk attached. For most of the H.264 era, codec choices were technical and reversible: you ran some tests, watched the BD‑rate curves, and rolled out what looked best on your ladder. If it disappointed, you could back it out with little more than engineering …

As a technologist and part-time couch potato, I appreciate Netflix on many levels. During the evening hours, it’s the creativity and breathtaking beauty of its productions. During working hours, it’s their technical contributions, like per-title encoding and VMAF, and their development and promotion of AV1. Unlike other publishers (cough, cough, Amazon), Netflix has always been amazingly gracious in sharing the …

The acquisition of Via Licensing Alliance’s HEVC and VVC programs by Access Advance is being framed as a cleanup of codec licensing. Instead of dealing with two pool administrators, licensees now deal with one, reducing administrative friction and simplifying negotiations. That’s a real improvement, particularly for device manufacturers, and it may reduce effective royalties at the margin. What it doesn’t …

I recently hosted a Streaming Media Connect panel titled “Benefits and Trade-Offs of Adopting and Implementing Codecs.” The contributors were Hassene Tmar from Meta, Behnam Kakavand from Evolution Gaming, and analyst Alex Davies from Rethink TV. The most striking information was not about future codecs. It was about what AV1 deployment looks like when real companies actually do it. You …

When I published When Metrics Mislead: Evaluating AI-Based Video Codecs Beyond VMAF earlier this year, the takeaway was blunt: traditional video quality metrics like PSNR, MS-SSIM, and VMAF simply can’t be trusted for AI-based codecs. My tests with Deep Render, and supporting research from JPEG AI and Microsoft’s MLCVQA project, showed that those metrics consistently underrate the perceived quality of …

InterDigital’s acquisition of Deep Render marks one of the first instances where a traditional codec IP powerhouse has invested in AI-native compression. Deep Render was built from a clean slate, with an architecture that doesn’t trace its roots to the block-based model that has defined every standard codec for the last 30 years. At some point, that old architecture will …

Three recent Alliance for Open Media presentations on YouTube shed new light on AV2’s performance and utility. Andrew Norkin, Director of Codec Development at Netflix, presented the current status and architecture of AV2. He outlined the codec’s design goals, early performance results, and hardware-focused development approach, noting that the low-level toolset is now finalized. The YouTube video is here. Ryan …